By: Mira Rakicevic, Sleep Expert at DistrubMeNot!, with several photos from their beautiful NEW infographic that can be found in its entirety HERE. Allergies have become frightfully frequent in recent years. More than 50 million Americans are affected by allergies every year. This is especially worrisome for parents whose children suffer from allergies and asthma, […]
Pretend you are a scientist researching a new drug for liver disease. You have decided you would like to test your drug out on a very specific type of liver cell. So you take some cells you harvested from liver tissue and you grow them in colonies (which are very hard to keep alive), feed […]
Before reading this post, you may want to go back and read about innate immunity and the cell types that carry out these types of responses. Here. The innate immune system is our first line of defense against microorganisms. It not only blocks the entry of such things, but also can limit or completely eliminate the growth of […]
The body’s immune system makes antibodies in response to something it believes needs to be destroyed. Most often, antibodies are made to attach to foreign substances, “immunogens”, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, animal dander, cancer cells…and the list goes on. Occasionally antibodies are made to our own body’s tissues, as is the case with […]
As stated in lesson 4, adaptive immune responses to foreign antigens are made up of cell-mediated and humoral processes. The lymphocytes that carry out these processes (T cells for cell-mediated and B-cells for humoral) have fundamental properties that are essential for proper immune system function. And here they are: